5beta-h-6-keto-pregnane derivatives

ABSTRACT

THIS INVENTION IS DIRECTED TO 2,3-SUBSTITUTED 5B-H-6-KETOPREGNANE DERIVATIVES WHICH ARE USEFUL AS METAMORPHOSIS HORMONES ARE ARE ADDITIONALLY USEFUL AS INTERMEDIATES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OTHER INSECT HORMONES. ACCORDINGLY, THE COMPOUNDS MAY BE EMPLOYED IN THE CONTROL OF INSECT POPULATION.

United States Patent 3,651,100 5B-H-6-H1TO-PREGNANE DERIVATIVES Andor Fiirst and Andr Furlenmeier, Basel, Albert Langemann, Binningen, and Guy Waldvogel, Riehen, Switzerland, and Peter Hocks, Ulrich Kerb, and Rudolf Wiechert, Berlin, Germany, assignors to Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ.

No Drawing. Original application Aug. 9, 1966, Ser. No. 571,187. Divided and this application Feb. 29, 1968,

Ser. No. 709,186 Claims priority, application Germany, Oct. 15, 1965, Sch 37,892; Jan. 27, 1966, Sch 38,384; Switzerland, Mar. 24, 1966, 4,336/66 Int. Cl. C07c 173/00 US. Cl. 260-3974 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention is directed to 2,3-substituted 5fi-H-6-ketopregnane derivatives which are useful as metamorphosis hormones and are additionally useful as intermediates for the production of other insect hormones. Accordingly, the compounds may be employed in the control of insect population.

Related applications This application is a division of applicants copending application Ser. No. 571,187, filed Aug. 9, 1966 now abandoned. Other related applications of Ser. No. 571,187 filed by applicants include Ser. No. 709,238 filed Feb. 29, 1968 now US. 3,557,097, Ser. No. 709,187 filed Feb. 29, 1968 now US. 3,547,910 and Ser. No. 709,239 filed Feb. 29, 1968.

Detailed description of the invention wherein R is hydrogen or methyl; R is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower acyloxy, or lower alkoxy; R is hydroxy, lower acyloxy, or lower alkoxy; R and R when taken together and when R is in the fit-orientation, are lower alkylenedioxy; A represents a single or a double bond; R is hydrogen or hydroxy; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R when R is lower alkyl, is hydroxy or lower acyloxy, and when R is hydrogen, is hydroxy, lower acyloxy, or a rad- 3,651,100 Patented Mar. 21, 1972 Wee ical or the formula C(CH )R R R when taken alone, is hydrogen or hydroxy; R when taken alone, is 'CO Z, -CHO, -CH{-O-lower alkyD- aliphatic hydrocarbyl or aliphatic hydrocarbyl substituted with up to 2 substituents of the group consisting of hydroxy, lower acyloxy, lower alkoxy, or tetrahydropyranyloxy; R and R when taken together, are 0x0; and Z is hydrogen or lower alkyl.

By the term lower acyloxy is meant a radical derived from an aliphatic carboxylic acid of up to about 11 carbons by removal of the hydrogen of the carboxyl group. The acid may be saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain, and may contain one or more substituents, such as halo, including chloro and fluoro, nitro, oxy, and the like. Suitable acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, hendecanoic acid, phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, cyclopentylpropionic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, aminoacetic acid, oxypropionic acid, adipic acid, and the like. Preferred are hydrocarbyl acyclic mono-basic acids of up to about 6 carbons, with alkanoic monocarboxylic acids being especially preferred.

'By the terms lower alkyl and lower alkoxy are meant alkyl and alkoxy groups of up to about 6 carbons, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert.-butyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, tert.-butoxy, and the like.

By the term lower alkylenedioxy group is meant a divalent radical of the formula OR O, wherein R is an alkylene, i.e., a divalent saturated acyclic hydrocarbon, radical of up to about 10 carbons, and preferably up to about 6 carbons. Especially preferred are alkylidenedioxy groups, with isopropylidenedioxy being most preferred.

By the term aliphatic hydrocarbyl group is meant a monovalent radical free of aromatic unsaturation and consisting of carbon and hydrogen, such as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkadienyl, and the like, and may be either branched or straight chain. Preferred aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups are alkyl groups and alkynyl groups of upto about 6 carbons, such as ethynyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobuty-l, butynyl, pentyl, isopentynyl, and the like, with branchedchain groups being preferred. Preferred substituted aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups are those represented by the formula -CH(OH)R wherein R is aliphatic hydrocarbyl of up to about 5 carbons, preferably branched chain, and especially branched alkyl or alkynyl, which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, or a tetrahydropyranyl group.

The novel products of this invention are illustrated by the following formulae:

(III) CH; CH

wherein:

R and R are as defined above;

R and R each when taken alone, is hydroxy, lower acyloxy, or lower alkoxy, and R and R can be the same or difierent; R and R when taken together, and R is the p-orientation, are lower alkylenedioxy; A is as defined above; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl;

R when R is lower alkyl, is hydroxy or lower acyloxy,

' and when R is hydrogen, is hydrogen, lower acyloxy,

or a radical of the formula C(CH )R R R when taken alone, is hydrogen or hydroxy;

R when taken alone, is CO Z, CHO,

(CH -MCO Z or aliphatic hydrocarbyl, and when R is hydroxy, is R6; R and R, when taken together, are 0x0; R and R when taken together, are oxo;

Z is hydrogen or lowenalkyl;

' R, when A represents a single bond, is hydrogen, and

when A represents a double bond, is hydrogen or bydroxy;

Y is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower acyl; and

R is aliphatic hydrocarbyl or aliphatic hydrocarbyl substituted with up to one substituent 0f the group *sisting of hydroxy, lower acyloxy, lower'a1koxy,'or

tetrahydropyranyloxy.

An especially preferred class of compounds of this invention are those defined by the formula:

wherein R R R, A, and Z are as defined above.

It is also within the contemplation of the present in- 'vention that the steroids of Formulae I-VI may have substituents or unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds other than those specifically depicted. For example, a lower alkyl group may. be present on the 1-, 7-, or 16-positions, a hydroxy or lower acyloxy group may be present in the l-, 11-, 16-, or l7-positions, and double bonds maybe present in the 1(2)- and/or the 3(4)-positions.

The production of SB-H-steroids of the type defined by Formulae II, HI, and V1 is unexpected in view of the teachings of A. Schubert, J. Org, Chem., 26, 159 (1964); H. B. Henbest, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 4596 and 4765; and N. L. Allenger, J. Org. Chem., 26, 3626 (1961). These publications disclose that 5 8-H-6-ketosteroids which are unsubstituted in the 2-position are isomerized under acidic or basic conditions to the corresponding StZ-H' steroids, thus leading to the conclusion that the A/B- trans-ring linkage is the more stable form for 6-ketosteroids. Unexpectedly, it has been discovered by this invention that fi-ketosteroids substituted in both the 2- and 3-positions with hydroxy groups or esterified or etherified hydroxy groups and having an A/B-cis-ring linkage are stable.

The various products of this invention are obtained by both known and novel reactions from known starting materials such as A -cholesten-6-one, methyl 3,3-ethylenedioxy-A -pregen-20-carboxylate, 3-hydroxy-A -cholesten-6-one, 3-acetoxy-A -ergostadien-6-one, 3u-hydroxy- 20,20-ethylenedioxy-5a-H pregnan-G-one, 3,3-ethylenedioxy-ZO-hydroxymethyl-A -pregnen, and the like,

A major novel reaction employed in producing the products of this invention comprises the conversion of a 2,8,3dihydroxy-Sa-H-6-ketosteroid or a monoor diester or monoor diether thereof to the corresponding Spcompound; i.e., by effecting isomerization at the 5-position, as is illustrated by Equation A, employing partial formulas for starting material and product:

Equation A CH3 B CH3 B t 1 Rilwv RZMN It H ethanol; ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as benzene; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform; and the like.

The introduction of thermal energy is efi'ected by heating at elevated temperatures, such as at about 50 C. or higher, and preferably in the range of from about 60 to about 80 C. The presence of acidic or basic catalysts, heretofore known as isomerization catalysts, promotes the rate of isomerization and permits the use of lower temperatures. Suitable acid catalysts include sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, selenous acid, p-toluene-sulfonic acid, and Lewis acids such as boron trifiuoride, magnesium bromide, mercury chloride, aluminum chloride, and the like. Basic catalysts which can be employed include inorganic bases such as alkali metal hydroxides, for example, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, for example, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide; as well as basic salts such as potassium carbonate, and the like; and organic bases such as triethylamine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, pyridine, or lutidine. In addition, acidic or basic adsorption agents such as aluminum oxide or silica gel will also catalyze the isomerization.

The acidic or basic reaction medium, in addition to catalyzing the isomerization at the 5-position, can also be employed to promote other structural changes in the steroid. For example, selenium dioxide (selenous acid), which is employed to introduce a hydroxy group in the Met-position, as hereinafter described, is sufiiciently acidic to effect isomerization of the Sat-hydrogen to the Sp-hydrogen.

The temperature and reaction time necessary to achieve the isomerization will vary depending upon the catalyst, but suitable temperatures and times can be readily determined by those having ordinary skill in the art. For example, at 60-80 C. times of about 4 hours are normally employed when hydrochloric acid is employed as the catalyst, whereas about 1 hour is sufiicient when potassium hydroxide is employed. On the other hand, isomerization occurs at C. in less than :1 hour when boron trifluoride is the catalyst.

The isomerization of this invention may also be effected by the use of ultraviolet radiation, by which term is meant light having a wave length of less than about 400 angstrom units.

The product of the isomerization, if conducted for a sulficient length of time, is an equilibrium mixture of the Soc-H- and Sfi-H-isomers in approximately equimolar amounts. At short times and/or with weak catalysts, less than an equimolar ratio of Sfi-H- to Sa-H-sterOid is produced. These isomers may be separated, however, by techniques known to the art such as chromatography, fractional crystallization, and the like. In addition, when the isomerization product is a ZtLBfi-dihydroxy compound, the isomers may be separated by reaction with acetic anhydride. The SB-H-isomer readily forms a 25,35-acetate, whereas the Soc-H-iSOIIlGl' forms a 2fl-hydroxy-3fi-acetate. The diacetate is normally less soluble than the monoacetate and thus can be readily precipitatedfrom the reaction mixture. The 5a-H-monoacetate, which remains in solution, can then be subjected to a second isomerization in accordance with this invention.

The products of this process can be hydrolyzed or acylated, if desired, by known reaction techniques. Furthermore, compounds wherein R and R when taken together are alkylenedioxy, are readily formed by the acidcatalyzed reaction of a 213,319-dihydroxy compound with a ketone, for example, acetone.

A second novel reaction of this invention, and one which is related to the above-described isomerization, comprises the conversion of a 2,3,3-dihydroxy-5a-H-6- keto-A' steroid which is unsubstituted in the 14-position or a monoor diether or monoor diester thereof to the corresponding 53- -l4a-hydroxysteroid, as is illustrated by Equation B:

Equation B:

B5 OH -wC i I R R m Equation 0:

R R CH3NWC CH3M- 0 CH3] 9H3 l i w V The oxirane ring of the starting material of this process may be in either the aor p-orientation. Suitable acid catalysts are those discussed above with reference to the Soc-H- to SB-H-isomerization. This reaction is normally effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as those discussed above. The reaction temperature is not narrowly critical, although it is preferred to employ relatively low temperatures, especially those in the range of from about -10 C. to about +3 0 C.

Still another novel transformation useful in producing a 2,8,3B-dihydroxy-5/3-H-6-ketosteroid is that proceeding from a 3,'6-dioxo-5a-H-steroid by a series of reactions illustrated by Equations D, E, and F, employing partial formulas:

Equation D:

Equation E:

l a I l rr 0 5 HO Equation F:

011, PH on I Br-s V R' I no a R2 fry H The reaction steps outlined above are novel and yield unexpected results both individually and in combination. This sequence is especially valuable for producing compounds of Formula H wherein A represents a single bond.

In the first step of this reaction sequence (Equation D), a 3,6-diXO-5a-H-St6l0ld is brominated by generally known techniques to produce a 2a-bromo-3,6-dioxo-5a- H-steroid. .This result is unexpected in view of the disclosure of L. H. Sarett, J. Org. Chem. 8, 405 (1943) that the bromination of 3,6-cholanedione, a Sfi-H-steroid, yields a mixture of polybromo compounds.

The bromination of this invention is effected by reacting the 3,6-diketosteroid with bromine in any suitable manner. A preferred procedure comprises dissolving the 3,6-ketosteroid in a solvent which is inert towards bromine, such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ether, benzene, or chloroform, and subsequently adding to this solution a solution of bromine in acetic acid dropwise at reduced temperature, i.e., below about room temperature (20 25 C.). On completion of the bromination, free hydro gen bromide produced by the reaction is neutralized, as by the addition of a buffer such as potassium acetate.

In the second step of this novel reaction sequence (Equation E), the 3-keto group of the 2a-bromo-3,6-di-ketosteroid is selectively reduced by reaction of the steroid with a lithium tri(lower alkoxy) aluminum hydride, prefferably a lithium tri(tert.-lower a1koxy)aluminum hydride, such as lithium tri(tert.-butoxy)aluminum hydride or lithium tri(tert.-amyloxy)aluminum hydride. This reduction is effected in an inert organic solvent such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, or ether, and is preferably effected at reduced temperatures, especially in the range of from about 5 to about C. The production of a 3,8-hydroxy-6-ketosteroid in this manner is entirely unexpected, for it could not be foreseen that the 3,6-diketo system would be susceptible to selective reduction. Furthermore, if one were to predict which of the two keto groups would be more likely to be reduced, the freestanding 6-keto group would appear to be the most susceptible to preferential reduction. This is because attack at the 3-keto group by the bulky lithium tri(lower alkoxy) aluminum hydride compounds would be expected to be sterically hindered by the Za-bromo atom.

The final reaction step of this sequence (Equation F).

comprises the replacement of the Za-bIOITlO atom 'with a Zfl-acyloxy group, employing generally known techniques but leading to the unexpected SB-H-steroids. In a preferred technique, the 2a-bromo-3a-hydroxysteroid produced by the above-described selective reduction is esterified to form a 2a-bromo-3fi-acyloxysteroid, which is then reacted with an alkali metal acylate or a silver acylate, preferably anacetate, and most desirably silver acetate. This reaction is normally effected at elevated temperatures, preferably in the range of from about 75 C. to about 125 C. As with the previously described Sa-H- to SB-H-isomerization, the product of this reaction is a mixture of 5aand SB-H-isomers, which may be readily separated by known techniques.

A further novel reaction sequence of this invention comprises the conversion of a 2p,3,3-dihydroxy-6-keto-A' -pregnen--carboxylic acid to the corresponding aldehyde, as is illustrated by Equation G:

CH CH0 j p OH: RllC R I H l 0 V This conversion is effected by first reacting the acid, the hydroxy groups of which are preferably protected, as by conversion to acyloxy, alkoxy, or alkylenedioxy groups, with carbonyl diimidazole in accordance with-known procedures to form an imidazolide. This product is then' reacted with a lithium tri(lower alkoxy)aluminum hydride to offset selective conversion of the imidazolide group to the formyl group. This reaction in unexpected because the normally used reducing agent, lithium aluminum hydride, is known to effect reduction of keto groups and elimination of ester groups. The reaction is preferably conducted in the absence of free oxygen, as in an argon or nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction temperature is not narrowly critical, although temperatures of about room temperature (20-25 C.) are normally employed. The reaction is generally effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as those previously discussed above.

A final novel process of the present invention comprises the conversion of a 20-formylpregnan-6-one to a 20- (l-hydroxyhydrocarbyl)-pregnan-6-one, as is illustrated by Equation H:

Equation H (V R R I R Rblvw This reaction is effected by reacting the 20-formyl compound with a Grignard reagent having the formula:

wherein R is as defined above and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine. This conversion is effected in the presence of an inert solvent such as those previously disclosed and preferably an ether ,such astetrahydrofuran, ether, dioxane, or the like. The temperature of the reaction is not narrowly critical, but reduced temperatures, preferably in the range of from about 5 C. to about +15". C. and more especially about 0-5" C., are employed to ensure as quantitative and selective a reaction as possible.

In a preferred technique, a solution of the Grignardreagent is slowly added with stirring to a solution of the 20-formyl compound. The selective reaction with the 20-- lyst, such as palladium, and preferably platinum dioxide, employed as such or deposited on conventional supports. The hydrogenation is preferably effected in a solvent for the steroid such as a lower alcohol, for example, methanol or ethanol; an ether, for example, diethyl ether, dioxane, or tetrahydrofuran; an ester, for example, ethyl acetate; or a hydrocarbon, for example, benzene. Carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, are not desirable because they promote the reduction of the 6-keto group as well as the A -bond, if present. I

When a 14u-hydroxy compound is desired as the product, the hydrogenation should be effected prior to the introduction of the 14a-hydroxy group because of the tendency of the hydrogenation to effect at least partial elimination of this group. Alternatively, the Grignard reaction may be effected with a reagent wherein R is already saturated.

. The l4a-hydroxylation may be effected by known techniques, as well as by the previously described reaction with selenous acid, which may be effected with either a Sa-H- or a SB-H-steroid. Additionally, 14ahydroxylation may be effected by biochemical methods, as by the action of microorganisms and/or the enzymes formed by them. Suitable systems include enzymes of the type Curvularia, preferably Curvularia lunata, the type Absidia, preferably Absidia regnieri, and especially of the type Heliocostylum, preferably Heliacostylum piriforme, or the type Mucor, preferably Mucor griseo cyanus.

As indicated above, the various products of this in vention possess activity as insect metamorphosis hormones. Thus, the products of this invention may be employed to induce insect metamorphosis at a point in time which is detrimental to the further population of the insect. Because of the hormonal nature of these products, a resistance to their action cannot develop, thus avoiding a significant disadvantage of conventional insecticides. In addition to their metamorphosis-inducing activity, the products of this invention possess a profound influence on the cell metabolism in other animals, especially in warmblooded animals or crustaceans. For example, by the use of the products of this invention, it is possible to induce the moulting stage in crustaceans, thus rendering them suitable as fish bait. Additionally, the products of this invention can be employed to control crustacean infestation and the damage caused thereby by inducing the moulting stage and exposing the crustacean to natural decimation. Furthermore, the products of this invention have been observed to have central nervous system activity. It is thus readily apparent that the products of this invention have wide utility as pharmaceuticals in hormone and veterinary medicine as well as use as agents for the control of insects in agricultural applications. Furthermore, many of the products of this invention serve as intermediates for the manufacture of still other valuable medicinal or agricultural agents.

The products of this invention can be employed in the form of preparations which contain them in admixture with suitable organic or inorganic inert carrier materials such as, for example, water, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, vegetable oils, polyalkylene glycol, or the like.

The following examples are illustrative. For convenience in following the reaction sequences employed, each example is limited to the production of derivatives of a single known starting material, but may illustrate the production of several of the products of this invention as well as the use of one or more of the novel processes of this invention. It is to be understood, however, that these examples are not limited to the specific starting materials or sequences employed, and the other starting materials and reactions known to the art may be used where desired.

1 EXAMPLE I.FROM A -CHOLES' I'EN-6-ONE (A) Synthesis of 2fi-acetoxy-3B-hydroxy-5u-cholestan- 6-one To a solution of 2 grams of 5a-A -cholesten-6-one in 270 milliliters of glacial acetic acid and 3.7 milliliters of water, there was added 3.2 grams of silver acetate and, with intensive stirring, 1.9 grams of iodine. The resulting reaction mixture was heated with stirring at 45 C. for 3 hours, treated with an excess of common salt, stirred for an additional 5 minutes, and then filtered. The deep red filtrate was then evaporated to dryness under vacuum and the residue was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed in sequence with water, thiosulfate solution, and again with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to obtain 25 acetoxy 3B hydroxy 5a cholestan 6- one, melting point 217-218 C. (from methylene chloride/acetonitrile) (B) Synthesis of 2,8,3fi-dihydroxy-Sa-cholestan-6-one An admixture of 2.2 grams of 2/8-acetoxy-3fl-hydroxy- 5a-cholestan-6-one and 1.1 grams of potassium carbonate in 200 milliliters of absolute methanol was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The reaction solution was thereafter concentrated in vacuum. The residue, after being taken up in ethyl acetate, was washed with water, thiosulfate solution, and again with water, dried, and concentrated to obtain 2fi,3B-dlhYdIOXY-Su-ChOlGSlIBll-fione, melting point 2l22l3 C. (from acetonitrile).

(C) Synthesis of 2,8,35-diacetoxyand 2 8,3/8-dihydroxy- 5fl-cholestan-6-one.-(l) From 2 8,3fl-dihydroxy-5acholestan-G-one (a) Acid-catalyzed reaction-A solution of 500 milligrams of 2,8,3B-dihydroxy-5ot-cholestan-6-one in 20 milliliters of ethanol and 5 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid was heated at boiling for 4 hours. After cooling and dilution with water, the reaction solution was extracted with chloroform. The extract was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuum to yield 2,3,318-dihydroxycholestan-fi-one as an approximately equimolar mixture of the Soc-H- and Sfl-H-isomers.

(b) Base-catalyzed reaction-A mixture of 600 milligrams of 218,3B-dihydroxy-Sa-cholestan-6-one, 500 milligrams of potassium hydroxide and 10 milliliters of methanol was heated at reflux for one hour. Aftercooling, the reaction mixture was treated with water and extracted with chloroform. After workup of the extract, there was obtained 25,3B-dihydroxycholestan-6-one as an approximately equimolar mixture of the Sa-H- and 5,8- H-isomers.

(2) From ZB-acetoxy-3fi-hydroxy-5u-cholestan 6-one (a) Acid-catalyzed reaction.--A solution of 1 gram of ZB-acetoxy-3,8-hydroxy-5a-cholestan-6-one in 40 milliliters of ethanol and 10 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid was heated at reflux for 4 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was worked up to yield 25,319 dihydroxycholestan 6 one as an approximately equimolar mixture of the Sa-H- and 55-H- isomers.

(b) Base-catalyzed reaction.--A mixture of 1 gram of ZB-acetoxy-Sfl-hydroxy 50c cholestan 6 one and 1 gram of potassium hydroxide in 20 milliliters of methanol was heated at reflux for 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. After workup of the extract, there was obtained 25,3;3-dihydroxycholestan 6 one as an approximately equimolar mixture of the 5a-H- and 5 B-H-isomers.

(3) Isolation of 2n,3B-diacetoxy-5p-cholestan-6-one A solution of 1 gram of 213,318-dil1ydroxycholestan-6- one-S-H-isomeric mixture produced as described above (4) Isolation of 2p,3B-dihydroxy-5p-cholestan-6-one A solution of 1 gram of 2,3,3fl-diacetoxy-Sfl-cholestan- 6-one in 100 milliliters of absolute methanol was treated with 0.5 gram of potassium carbonate and stirred overnight at room temperature. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with chloroform. After workup of the extract, there was obtained 219,35 dihydroxy B cholestan 6 one, melting point 167-168 C. (from acetonitrile and acetone).

(D) Synthesis of 2B,3 3-isopropylidenedioxy- 5/8-cholestan-6-one There was added 7 grams of calcium chloride to a solution of 1.3 grams of 2,3,35-dihydroxy-Set-cholestan- 6-one in 70 milliliters of acetone containing 1 percent hydrochloridic acid. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature and then poured into water. After extraction with ethyl acetate, washing the extract with water, dilute sodium bicarbonate solution and again with water, drying the extract and evaporation of the solvent, there was obtained 23,3;8-isopropylidenedioxy 5 3 cholestan-6-one, melting point 171 C. (from acetonitrile).

EXAMPLE II.F ROM 3fl-HYDROXY-A' CHOLESTAN-G-ONE (A) Synthesis of 2,6-acetoxy-3B-hydroxy-5u-A' cholesten-6-one A mixture of 11 grams of 3B-hydroxy-5a-A7 cholesten- 6-one, 15 grams of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 250 milliliters of pyridine was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours and then poured into ice water. The precipitate which formed was filtered off and dissolved in methylene chloride. The resulting solution was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. Upon recrystallization of the residue from diisopropyl ether, there was obtained 3,8-tosyloxy-5a-A -cholesten-6- one, melting point 153-154" C.

A mixture of 4 grams of 3fi-tosyloxy-5u-A' -cholesten- 6-one, 1 gram of lithium bromide, 1.5 grams of lithium carbonate, and 200 milliliters of dimethylformamide was heated at 120 C. for 5 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was poured into ice water and weakly acidified with hydrochloric acid. The resulting precipitate was filtered off and dissolved in methylene chloride. The resulting solution was washed with water, dried and concentrated to yield 5u-A -cholestadien-6-one.

The thus-produced 5a-A -cholestadien-6-one was dissolved in 250 milliliters of acetic acid at 60 C. Thereafter, there was added in sequence 3.9 milliliters of water, 3.1 grams of silver acetate, and 2 grams of finely ground iodine. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 60 C. with vigorous stirring for 5 hours. After treating with an excess of common salt and stirring for an additional 5 minutes, the reaction mixture was filtered. The deep red filtrate was concentrated to dryness under vacuum. The residue was taken up in ether and the ether solution was washed with water, bicarbonate solution, and again with water, and then dried and concentrated. After recrystallization of the residue from diisopropyl ether, there was obtained acetoxy +3 8 hydroxy-Seen"- cholesten-6-one, melting point 215-2175 C. l

(B) Synthesis of 2,8,3fl-hydroxy-5a-A' -cholestene6-one A mixture of 1 gram of ZB-acetoxy-SB-hydroxy Set-A"- cholesten-6-one and 1 gram of potassium carbonate in 100 milliliters of methanol was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes. After pouring the resulting reaction mixture into water, the precipitate which had formed was filtered off and dissolved in methylene chloride.'Workup of this solution gave 2B,3fi-dihydroxy-Sa-A' cholesten-6- one, melting point 208-210 C. (from acetone).

(C) Synthesis of 2 3,3fl-diacetoxy-'and 25,3;8-dihydrdxy- SB-N-cholesten 6 one.(l) From 25,3;3-dihydroxy: 5a-A -cholesten-6-one (a) Acid-catalyzed reaction.A mixture of 500 milligrams of 2p,3B-dihydroxy-5a-A' cholesten 6 one in 25 millilters of ethanol and 5 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid was heated at boiling for 20 hours. After cooling,

' the mixture was poured into ice water and the precipitate which formed was separated and taken-up in methylene chloride. The organic solution was washed with water, dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuum. On recrystallization of the residue from diisopropyl ether, there was obtained 213,3,B-dihydroxy-A' -cholesten-6-oneas an approximately equimolar mixture of the 5 11-1-1 -and 513- H-isomers. I

(b) Base-catalyzed reaction.A mixture of 500 milligrams of 2,8,3B-dihydrbxy-Sa-n -cholesten-fi-one, 500 milli grams of potassium hydroxide and 20 milliliters of methanol was heated under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling, pouring the reaction mixture into ice water and workup of the resulting precipitate as described above, there was obtained 213,3,3-dihydroxy-A' -cholesten-6-one as a mixture of the Sa-H- and 5 ,B-H-isorners.

(2) From 2fi-acetoxy-3fi-hydroxy-5a-cholesten-6-one (a) Acid-catalyzed reaction -A mixture of 1 gram of Zfl-acetoxy 35 hydroxy 5a A" cholesten-G-one in 50 milliliters of ethanol and 10 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid was heated at boiling for 20 hours. After cooling and pouring the reaction mixture into ice water, the precipitate which had formed was separated and taken up in methylene chloride. After workup of the organic solution, there was obtained 218,3 3-dihydroxy-A' -cholesten- 6-one as a mixture of the Sat-H and SB-H-isomers.

(b) Base-catalyzed reaction.A mixture of 500 milligrams of 213 acetoxy-3p-hydroxy-5a-A -cholesten-6-one and 500 milligrams of potassium hydroxide in 30 milliliters of methanol was heated under refiuxifor 4 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture and pouring it into ice water, the precipitate which had formed was separated out and worked up as described above to obtain 2,8,35- dihydroxy-A' cholesten-6-one asa mixture of the 500-H- and Sfl-H-isomers.

(3) Isolation of 2fl,3 3-diacetoxy-5fi-A -cholesten 6-one A solution of 1 gram of 2fl,3fi-dihydroxy-A -cholesten- 6-one-5-H-isomeric mixtures produced as described above in 30 milliliters of acetic anhydride and 15 milliliters of pyridine was held at room temperature for 4 hours. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with methylene chloride. The orgam'c extract was washed with dilute sulfuric acid and water, dried and concentrated. After recrystallization from pentane, there was obtained 2p,3fl-diacetoxy-sfl-A' -cholesten-6-one, melting point 166-l68 C.

(4) Production of 2,3,3fl-dihydroxy-5p-A7-choles-ten-6-one A mixture of 1 gram of 25,3fi-diacetoxy-5fi-A' -cholesten-6-one, 1 gram of potassium carbonate, and milliliters of methanol was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into water and the aqueous mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The organic phase was washed with water, dried, and concentrated to obtain 213,3 9-dihydroxy- 5B-A -cholesten-6-one, melting point 207-209 C. (from diisopropyl ether).

(D) Synthesis of 219,3,8-isopropylidene-518-A' -cholesten- '6-one A solution of 400 milligrams of 2,8,3B-dihydroxy-5a- A -cholesten-fi-one in 100 milliters of acetone was cooled to 0., treated with one drop of boron trifluoride etherate and held at 0 C. for 15 minutes. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into water, extracted with methylene chloride, and the methylene chloride phase was washed with water, dried and concentrated to obtain 2,8, 3,6-isopropylidenedioxy-fl-A -cholesten 6 one, melting point 163-163.5 C. (from methanol).

(13) Synthesis of 2 3,33,14a-trihydroxy-5p-A' -cholesten-6- one.--(1) Introduction of the 14a-hydroxy group followed by isomerization Employing procedures similar to those described in Example IA(3), 2B acetoxy-3p-hydroxy-A' -cholesten-6- one was acetylated to 25,3B-diacetoxy-5-a-A -cholesten-6- one, melting point 196-198 C. (from methanol). Employing techniques similar to those described in Example 1V below, this product was reacted with selenium dioxide in dioxane to produce 2,6,3p-diacetoxy-14u-hydroxy-5a-A cholesten-6-one, melting point 231-232 C. (from methanol). Employing procedures similar to those described in Example 10(2), the thus-obtained product was isomerized with potassium hydroxide in methanol. After workup there was obtained 25,3 8,l4a-trihydroxy-Sfi-A' cholesten- 6-one, melting point 207-209 C. (from ether/hexane).

In the manner described in Example IC(3) above, the above-obtained 2,8,35,140: trihydroxy-compound was reacted with acetic anhydride in pyridine to produce 25, 3,6-diacetoxy-14a-hydroxy-5B-A -cholesten-6 one, melting point 189-l9l C. (from isopropyl ether).

(2) Simulanteous 14a-hydroxylation and isomerization A solution of 1 gram of 2/3-acetoxy-3B-hydroxy-5a- A' -cholesten-d-one in 100 milliliters of absolute dioxane was heated at 80 C. To this solution was added two 1- gram portions of freshly sublimed selenium dioxide over a 30-minute period. The resulting mixture was heated an additional 2 /2 hours at 80 C. with stirring. After filtration of the reaction mixture, the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum and mixed with water. The precipitate which formed was separated and dissolved in methylene chloride. The resulting organic solution was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to obtain 2fl-acetoxy-3fl,l4u-dihydroxy-5p A' cholesten-d-one, meltpoint 260-261 C. (from diethyl ether).

EXAMPLE H1I.From 3,8-acetoxy-A' -ergostadien- 6-one (A) Synthesis of 2B-acetoxy-3B hydrOxy-Sa-A' ergostadien-6-one A mixture of 11.7 grams of 3- 8-acetoxy-A -5wergostadien-G-one, 11.7 grams of potassium carbonate and 2 liters of methanol was heated at boiling for 30 minutes. The resulting reaction mixture, after cooling, was poured into water and the organic phase was washed, dried, and concentrated.

The crude saponification product, in admixture with 200 milliliters of pyridine and 13.5 grams of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, was held 'at room temperature for 24 hours. After dilution of the reaction mixture with water, the precipitate which had formed was separated off and dissolved in methylene chloride. The organic solution was washed, dried and concentrated to yield 3,8-tosyloxy-A 5u-ergostadien-6-one which, after crystallization from diisopropyl ether, melted at 148-149 C.

A mixture of 2.2 grams of 3B-tOSYl0Xy-A -5oz-erg0- stadien 6 one in 10 milliliters of dimethylaniline was heated at 200 C. for minutes. After cooling, the reaction solution was poured into dilute sulfuric acid, and the 14 precipitate which formed was filtered oflf by suction and taken up in chloroform. The organic solution was washed until neutral, dried and concentrated to yield A -5uergostadien-6-one.

After dissolving the crude product in milliliters of acetic acid at 45 C., there was successively added 2.1 milliliters of water, 1.8 grams of silver acetate and 1.09 grams of finely powdered iodine. The resulting mixture was heated with vigorous stirring at 45 C. for 50 minutes. After the addition of an excess of common salt, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes, filtered and the filtrate concentrated to dryness in vacuum. The residue was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography, and after recrystallization from diisopropyl ether, there was obtained ZB-acetoxy-Bfi-hydroxy-A' -5aergostadien-6-one, melting point 208-2l0 C.

(B) Synthesis of 218,3;9-dihydroxyand 2p,3fi-diacetoxy 5fl-A' -ergostadien-d-one A solution of 2.1 grams of 218-acetoxy-3p-hydroxy-A' 5a-ergostadien-6-one in 100 milliliters of ethanol and 20 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid was heated at boiling for 20 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was diluted with water and the precipitate which formed was separated and taken up in methylene chloride. The organic solution was washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuum to obtain 213,3;3-dihydroxy-A' -5fi-ergostadien-6-one as an oil.

The diol was acetylated at room temperature for 16 hours by reaction with 5 milliliters of pyridine and 2.5 milliliters of acetic anhydride. The resulting reaction mixture was diluted with water and the precipitate which formed was filtered off and dissolved in methylene chloride. After washing until neutral, the organic solution was dried and concentrated in vacuum to yield 213,3,B-diacetoxy 15 -518 ergostadien-6-one, melting point 148- 150 C. (from acetone/hexane).

(C) Synthesis of 23,3,6-diacetoxy-14a-hydroxy-5p-A ergostadien-G-one A solution of 5.8 grams of 2 3-acetoxy-3B-hydroxy-5a- A"= -ergostadien-6-one in 80 milliliters each of absolute pyridine and acetic anhydride was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight and then was decomposed with ice water, and extracted with chloroform. The extracts were washed until neutral and evaporated to yield 2p,3B-diacetOXy-Sa-A -ergostadien-6-one, melting point -496 C. (from methanol).

A solution of 3 grams of 2,8,3fi-diacet0xy-5a-A -ergostadien-G-one in 120 milliliters of absolute dioxane was heated to 80 in an inert atmosphere. After the addition of 6.1 grams of selenium dioxide, the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes, filtered, diluted with water and extracted with ether. The extract was washed with water and the solvent evaporated. The residue was chromatographed on 100 grams of alumina, using benzene containing 10 percent of ether as the eluting agent, to obtain 25,3,3 diacetoxy-14u-hydroxy-5a-A -ergostadien-6-one, melting point after recrystallization from isopropyl ether, 226-227 C.

A mixture of 1.3 grams of 2/3,3B-diacetoxy-14a-hydroxy-5a-A' -ergostadien-G-one, 60 milliliters of methanol, 5 milliliters of water and 0.5 gram of potassium carbonate was heated at boiling overnight in an inert atmosphere. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water and extracted with chloroform. The extract was washed until neutral, dried and evaporated. The crude reaction product was reacted with acetic anhydride in pyridine according to the procedure described in Example IC(3). After workup, the crude product was chromatographed on 30 grams of alumina. Elution with benzene-ether (1:1) yielded 2 8,35-diacetoxy 14oz hydroxy-5fl-A' -ergostadien-6-one, melting point 202-203 C. (from methanol).

In an alternative procedure a mixture of 1 gram of 2,8- acetoxy-3 S-hydroxy-5a-A -ergostadien-6-one, 2 grams of selenium dioxide and 30 milliliters of absolute dioxane is 15 stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was stirred with 0.5 gram of deactivated Raney nickel. After filtration and evaporation, there was obtained 2fl-acetoxy-3fl,l4a-dihydroxy-Sa-A"' -ergostadien-6-one, melting point 254256 C. (decomp) (from acetonitrile).

A solution of 600 milligrams of 2fl-acetoxy-3fi,l4vt-dihydroxy Su-A ergostadien-6-one in 45 milliliters of methanol'and 5. milliliters of water was treated with 250 milligrams of potassium carbonate according to the procedure described above. After workup, there was obtained 25,3,8 diacetoxy-14a-hydroxy-5fi-A' -ergostadien-6-one, which is identical with the product produced as described above.

(D) Synthesis of (22R), 2p,3 3,14a,22,25-pentahydroxy- 8-A -cholesten-6-one (edyson) A solution of 4 grams of 2fl,3,6-diacetoxy-5m-A" -ergostadien-6-one (produced as described in part C above) in 750 milliliters of methylene chloride and 500 milliliters of methanol was treated at -70 C. over a 75-minute period with 10 millimols of ozone which was supplied in an oxygen stream. After the addition of milliliters of trimethoxyphosphine, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, then decomposed with water and extracted with ether. Processing of the ether extracts afforded a crude product which was quickly chromatographed on alumina to obtain (S), 25,35-diacetoxy-20 formyl 5oz A pregnen 6- one, melting point 211-212 C. (from methylene chlorideether).

To a solution of ethyl magnesium bromide (prepared from 2 grams of magnesium and 6.4 milliliters of ethyl bromide in 100 milliliters of ether), there was added dropwise a solution of 16 milliliters of 2-methyl-2-tetrahydropyranyloxy-3-butyne in 100 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction solution was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature and then added dropwise with stirring to a solution of 4.7 grams of (20S),2 3,Bfi-diacetoxy-ZO-formyl-Ja-A' regnen-G-one in 200 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran at l0 C. The temperature of the reaction mixture was allowed to rise to 0 C., whereupon the mixture was decomposed by the addition of ammonium chloride solution. Extraction with ether afforded a crude product which was chromatographed on 200 grams of alumina. The fractions obtained by elution with 2 liters of benzenepetroleum ether 1:1) were discarded. The product was then eluted with chloroform containing 10 percent of methanol and again chromatographed on 140 grams of alumina. After removal of undesired by-products, the (22R),2/3,3 ,8 diacetoxy-22-hydroxy-25-(tetrahydropyran- 2-yloxy)-5u-A' -chloesten 23-yn-6-one was eluted with benzene and benzene containing 1 percent of ether. Melting point 188 C. (from isopropyl ether).

A solution of 1 gram of (22R),2fi,3 3-diacetoxy-22- hydroxy-25v(tetrahydropyran 2 yloxy)-5a-A -chlosten- 23-yn-6-one in 50 milliliters of methanol was hydrogenated in the presence of 2000 milligrams of prehydrogenated platinum until the uptake of 75 milliliters of hydrogen. Afterworkup there was obtained (22R),2B,3fl-diacetoxy- 22-hydroxy 25 (tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-5a-A' cholesten-6-one, melting point 155-156 C. (from isopropyl ether).

A solution of 3 grams of (22R),2fi,3B-diacetoxy-22- hydroxy-25- (tetrahydropyran 2 yloxy)-5a-A"-cholesten- 6-one in 150 milliliters of absolute dioxane was stirred with 6 grams of selenium dioxide at 20 C. for 15 hours. The suspension was filtered, and 1 gram of deactivated Raney nickel was added to the filtrate. After stirring for minutes and filtration, the solution was diluted with chloroform, washed with water and evaporated. Recrystallization of the residue from ether afforded (22R) ,2/3,3 3- diacetoxy-l4a,22-dihydroxy 25 (tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)a5a-A -cholesten-6-one, melting point 194-195 C.

A solution of lgram of (22R),2fi,3;3diacetoxy-14m,22- dihydroxy-25-(tetrahydropyran 2 yloxy)-5u-A' -cholesten-6-one and 200 milligrams of potassium carbonate in 20 milliliters of methanol was heated to reflux forz hours. The reaction mixture'was diluted with 200 milliliters of ethyl acetate, washed with saturated brine, dried and evaporated; Theresidue was dissolved in 1 6,milliliters of methanol, and allowed to stand with 4milliliters of 2 N hydrochloric acid for 15 minutesat room tem: perature. The mixture was then neutralized with 8 .milli liters of 1 N sodium hydroxide and, after the addition of ethanol, evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and the resulting solution filtered and evaporated. Recrystallization from methyl ethyl ketone afiorded (22R),213,3 8,l4a,22,25-pentahy droxy-Sfi-N-cholesten-6-one, melting point 233 C. (decomp.). Melting point after further recrystallization from methanol-acetone, 241 C. (decomp.). i

(E) Synthesis of 3fl-acetoxy-22-hydroxy-25-(tetrahydropyran-Z-yloxy)-5a-A -cholesten-23 yn-6 one Employing procedures similar to those described above, 3B-acetoxy-A' -5a-0rganostadien-6-one was subjected to ozonolysis to produce 3fi-acetoXy-ZO-formyl-Sa A' -pregs nen-6-one.

To an ethyl magnesium bromide solution [produced from 244 milligrams of magnesiuma'nd0.84 milliliter of ethyl bromide in 15 milliliters of ether], there ,was added dropwise a solution of 1.93 milliliters of 2-methyl.-' 2-tetrahydropyranyloxy-3-butyne in 10 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran, and the resulting mixture was stirred forone hour at room temperature. The resulting solution was cooled to 05 C. and there was added a solutionof 386.5 milligrams of 3fi-acetoxy-ZO-formyI-Sa-A' -pregnen: 6-one in 10 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran. The resulting mixture was stirred for 45 minutes and then mixed with saturated ammonium chloride solution. After takingthe product up in ether, it was washed with saturated salt solution, dried and evaporated. After chromatographing on silica gel, there was obtained 3fl-acetoxy-22-hydroxy- ZS-(tetrahydropyran 2 yloxy)-5a-A -cholesten-23-yn-6- one, melting point 178 C. (fromhexane/ethefil EXAMPLE IV.-FROM METHLY 3,3-E'IHYLENEDI- OXY-A -PREGNENE-20-CARBOXYLATE (A) Synthesis of methyl 3,3-ethylenedioxy-5,6 oxidopregnene-20-carboxylate (B) Synthesis of 5 3-H-compounds via, 5,6-epo xides. (1) Synthesis of methyl 2.18,3B dihydroxy-5fl,6;8 oxido pregnane-ZO-carboxylate The epoxide mixture as described in A above was dis solved in 2500 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran, treated at 0-5 C. with 690 milliliters of 3 N perchloric acid and allowed to stand at 5 C. for 16 hours. The resulting solution was stirred into 30 liters of ice water, neutralized and the precipitated diol was filtered .offby suction, washed and dried. After recrystallization from acetone, there was obtained methyl 5a,6 8-dihydroxypregnan-3 onc-20-carboxylate, melting. point 233235 -.C. Y

To a solution of 10 grams of the 5a,6B-diol in 128 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran there was added dropwise over 8 minutes with ice cooling a solution of 1.365 milliliters of bromine in 15 milliliters ofglacial acetic acid. After stirring for an additional 5 minutes the reaction solution was poured into ice water containing sodium acetate and then extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution was washed until neutral, evaporated in vacuum at 30 C. and the residue was triturated with isopropyl ether to yield methyl 2a-bromo- 5a,65-dihydroxypregnan-3-one-20-carboxylate.

To a mixture of 8.9 grams of the thus-obtained 2abromo-compound in 80 milliliters of dry tetrahydrofuran, there was added at 5 C. a solution of 9.6 grams of lithium tri(tert.-butoxy)aluminum hydride in 50 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran. The resulting mixture was stirred into a sulfuric acid/ice water mixture, extracted with acetic ester, washed until neutral and evaporated in vacuum. Upon recrystallization from isopropyl ether and then from acetone there was obtained methyl 20cbromo-35,5a,65-trihydroxypregnane 20' carboxylate, melting point 217-218 C. (dec.).

A solution of 8.5 grams of the thus-obtained triol in 85 milliliters of glacial acetic acid was treated with 17 milliliters of acetic anhydride and 850 milligrams of p-toluenesulfonic acid and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 48 hours. The resulting solution was stirred into ice water and the resulting precipitate was filtered off by suction, washed with water and dried. After recrystallization from isopropyl ether, there was obtained methyl 2ozlbromo-35,5a,65-triacetoxypregnane 20 carboxylate, melting point 2l1-213 C. (dec.).

A solution of 7.1 grams of the triacetate in 145 milliliters of glacial acetic acid was heated under reflux for 22 hours with 5 grams of silver acetate and 3 milliliters of water. The precipitate was filtered off by suction and the filtrate was poured into ice water. The reaction product which precipitated was filtered off by suction, washed until neutral and dried. After chromatographing on silica gel and recrystallization from acetone/hexane, there was obtained methyl 25,35,5a,65-tetraacetoxypregnane-Z0 carboxylate, melting point 202203 C.

A solution of 15.74 grams of the tetraacetate in 315 milliliters of methanol and 79 milliliters of water was refluxed for 2 hours with 11.8 grams of potassium hydroxide and then neutralized with acetic acid. After vacuum distillation to remove the methanol, the residue was treated with 200 milliliters of water. The reaction product which precipitated was filtered off by suction, washed with water and dried. The crude carboxylic acid thus obtained was allowed to stand at room temperature for one hour in 200 milliliters of methylene chloride and 200 milliliters of etheric diazomethane solution (mantifactured from 30 grams of nitrosomethylurea). After evaporation in vacuum, chromatography of the residue on silica gel and recrystallization from acetone/hexane, there was obtained methyl 25,35-diyhydroxy-5,65-oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate, melting point 185.5-186 C.

(2) Synthesis of methyl 25,35-isopropylidenedioxy-S,65- oxidopregnane-20-carboxylate A mixture of 300 milligrams of the tetraacetate produced as described above in 6 milliliters of a 10 percent methanolic potassium hydroxide solution was allowed to stand at room temperature for 16 hours. After acidification with 1 N hydrochloric acid, the solution was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed until neutral and evaporated. The residue was admixed with 30 milliliters of etheric diazomethane solution (manufactured from 2 grams of nitrosomethylurea) and allowed to stand for 2 hours. The resulting solution was evaporated under vacuum and the residue was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography to obtain methyl 25,35,65-trihydroxy- 5a-acetoxypregnane-ZO-carboxylate, melting point 220- 221.5 C.

A mixture of 2.55 grams of the trihydroxymonoacetoxy compound, 0.4 milliliter of 'boron trifluoride etherate, and 100 milliliters of dry acetone was allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. After the addition of 2 milliliters of pyridine, the reaction mixture was evaporated'under vacuum and the residue was precipitated with ice water. After filtering otf the precipitate by suction, it was dried and then recrystallized from acetone/ hexane to yield methyl 25,35-isopropylidenedioxy5aacetoxy-65-hydroxypregnane 20 carboxylate, melting point 192.5193 C.

A mixture of 600 milligrams of this product, 48 milliliters of methanol, 12 milliliters of water, and 1.8 grams of potassium hydroxide was heated under reflux for 3% hours. The mixture was then stirred into ice water, acidified with hydrochloric acid, and the resulting precipitate was filtered olf by suction, washed until neutral and dried. The crude acid was dissolved in 5 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran and allowed to stand for 2 hours with 30 milliliters of etheric diazomethane solution.The resulting solution was evaporated under vacuum and the residue was fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography to yield methyl 25,35-isopropylidenedioxy-5,65-oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate, melting point 149.5150 C. and methyl 25,35-isopropylidenedioxy-5a,65-dihydroxypregnane-ZO-carboxylate, melting point 266-267 C.

(3) Synthesis of methyl 25,35-isopropylidenedioxy-5,6aoxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate A mixture of 200 milligrams of the 5a,65-diol produced as described above, 5 milliliters of pyridine and 0.5 milliliter of methanesulfonic acid chloride was stirred at 5 C. for 16 hours. The resulting mixture was poured into ice water, filtered by suction and dried. The crude fi-mesylate in admixture with 10 milliliters of pyridine, 10 milliliters of water, and 3 grams of sodium bicarbonate was heated under reflux for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred into water and extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and water and then evaporated. After recrystallization from acetone, there was obtained methyl 25,35 isopropylidenedioxy 5,6a-oxidopregnane-20-carboxylate, melting point 199-201 C.

(4) Synthesis of methyl 25,3 5-dihydroxyand 25,35- diacetoxy-55-pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylates (a) From methyl 25,35 dihydroxy 5,65-oxidopregnane-20-carboxylate.A mixture of milligram of methyl 25,35 dihydroxy-5,65-oxidopregnane-20-carboxylate, 10 milliliters of benzene, and 0.1 milliliter of boron trifluoride etherate was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. After the addition of 0.5 milliliter of pyridine, the mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed in sequence with water, 1 N hydrochloric acid, and again with water, dried and evaporated. From the residue there was isolated by preparative thin layer chromatography methyl 25,35-dihydroxy-55-pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate, which after recrystallization from isopropyl ether/methylene chloride, melted at 181.5-183" C.

(b) From methyl 25,35 isopropylidenedioxy 5,65- oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate.--A mixture of 100 milligrams of methyl 25,35 isopropylidenedioxy-5,65-oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate, 5 milliliters of acetone and 0.2 milliliter of boron trifluoride etherate was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then treated with 0.5 milliliter of pyridine and evaporated under vacuum. The residue was heated on a steam bath for 2hours in admixture with 10 milliliters of 61 percent acetic acid and 1 drop of 2 N sulfuric acid. The resulting mixture was stirred into water and extracted with chloroform. The extract was washed with water, evaporated and the residue was recrystallized from isopropyl ether to yield methyl 25,3 5-dihydroxy-5 5- pregnan-G-one-ZO-carboxylate identical with the compound produced in part (a) above.

(c) Synthesis of methyl 25,35-diacetoxy-55-pregnan-6- ne-20-carboxylate.-A mixture of 200 milligrams of methyl 25,35 dihydroxy 55-pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate, 2 milliliters of glacial acetic acid, 0.4 milliliter of acetic anhydride, and 20 milligrams of p-toluenesulfonic acid was allowed to stand at 20 C. for 24 hours. The resulting mixture was stirred into ice water and extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride solution was washed until neutral, concentrated and recrystallized from isopropyl ether to yield methyl 25,3,9-diacetoxy- 3- pregnan 6 one ZO-carboxylate, melting point 1765-- -(5) Synthesis of methyl 25,3B-isopropylidenedioxy-5,8-

pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate (a) From methyl 218,3;8 isopropylidendioxy 5B- oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate.-A mixture of 200 milligrams of methyl 213,35 isopropylidenedioxy-S,6a-oxidopregnane-ZO-carboxylate, 10 milliliters of benzene, and of benzene, and 0.2 milliliter of boron trifluoride etherate was stirred for 5 hours at room temperature. After workup as described in part (4) (a) above, there was recovered methyl 25,35 isopropylidenedioxy-5B-pregnan-6-one-20- carboxylate, melting point 196.5198 C. (from isopropyl ether).

(b) From methyl 2,8,3B-dihydroxy-Sfi-pregnan-6-one- -carboxylate.-A mixture of 150 milligrams of methyl 25,313 dihydroxy 5,8-pregnau-6-one-20-carboxylate, 10 milliliters of acetone, and 0.03 milliliter of boron trifluoride etherate was allowed to stand at room temperature for minutes. After workup as described above, there was obtained methyl 25,3B-isopropylidenedioxy-Sfi-pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate identical to that produced in part (a) above.

(C) Synthesis of 5fi-H-compounds via isomerization of 5a H compounds.( 1) Synthesis of methyl (20S), 25,3;9-diacetoxy-5tat-pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate An epoxide mixture produced in the manner described in A above was dissolved in 2500 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran, treated with 690 milliliters of 3 N perchloric acid and heated under reflux for 3.5 hours. The resulting solution was stirred into 30 liters of ice water, neutralized and the precipitated dione filtered off by suction. After washing, drying, and recrystallization from ethyl acetate, there was obtained methyl (20S),5a-pregnane-3,6-dione- 20-carboxylate, melting point 212-214" C.

To a mixture of 37.45 grams of the 3,6-dione in 800 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran, there was added dropwise with ice cooling a solution of 5.33 milliliters of bromine and 4.9 grams of potassium acetate in 50 milliliters of glacial acetic acid. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water containing sodium acetate. The precipitate which formed was filtered off by suction and recrystallized from methanol to yield methyl (20S),2abromo 5a pregnane-3,6-dione-20-carboxylate, melting point l61162 C. (dec.).

A solution of 28 grams of the 2a-bromo-3,6-dione in 240 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran was diluted at 05 C. with a solution of 33.8 grams of lithium tri-tert.-butoxy) aluminum hydride in 160 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran. The resulting mixture was stirred into a sulfuric acid-ice water mixture and the precipitate which formed was filtered off by suction and recrystallized from ethyl acetate to yield methyl (20S),2u-bromo-3B-hydroxy-5u-pregnan- 6-one-20-carboxylate, melting point 211-212 C.

A mixture of 19.4 grams of the resulting alcohol in 80 milliliters of pyriidine and milliliters of acetic anhydride was allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 hours. The resulting mixture was stirred into ice water and the precipitate which formed was filtered ofl by suction and recrystallized from acetone/hexane to yield methyl (20S),2a bromo 5a pregnan 6 one 20- carboxylate, melting point l96-197 C.

A mixture of 81. 2 grams of the product acetate, 800 milliliters of glacial acetic acid, 162 milliliters of water and grams of silver acetate was heated under reflux for 20 hours. The precipitate which formed was filtered off by suction and the filtrate was stirred into ice water. The resulting precipitate was filtered off by suction, washed until neutral, and dried. After recrystallization from methanol, there was obtained 58.6 grams of methyl 20 (20S),2/8,3fl-diacetoxypregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate as a mixture of 504- and 5,8-isomers. After fractional crystallization from methylene chloride-isopropyl ether and methylene chloride-methanol, there was recovered the 5w isomer, melting point 222.5-224 C., and the Sir-isomer, melting point 176.5-177.5 C.

(2) Synthesis of methyl 2fl,3p-diaeetoxy-5u-A pregnan-6-one-20-carboxylate A mixture of 29.3 grams of the mixture of Sm-H- and SB-H-isomers produced as described above in 500 milliliters of glacial acetic acid was treated dropwise with 3.3 grams of bromine in glacial acetic acid and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then stirred into an ice/potassium acetate solution and the precipitate which formed was filtered off by suction, washed until neutral, and dried. After recrystallization from acetone/hexane, there was obtained methyl (20S),2B,3/3 diacetoxy 7oz bromo 50c pregnan-'6-one-20-carboxylate, melting point 152-153" C.

A mixture of 38 grams of the 7a-bromo compound, 10.3 grams of lithium carbonate, 6.2 grams of lithium bromide, and 380 milliliters of dimethylformamide was heated at 125 C. for 4.5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After filtration to remove undissolved lithium salts, the filtrate was stirred into ice water. The precipitate which formed was filtered olf by suction, dried and chromatographed on silica gel. After recrystallization from isopropyl ether/methylene chloride, there was obtained methyl (20S) ,ZB,3fl-diacetoxy-Sm-A' -pregnen-6-one- 20-carboxylate, melting point -196 C.

(3) Synthesis of methyl 2,8,33-dihydroxyand 2/3,3;8 diacetOXy-SB-A' -pregnen-6-one-20-carboxylate A solution of 500 milligrams of methyl ZBJfl-diacetoxy 5a A pregnen 6 one 20 carboxylate, 20 milliliters of ethanol and 1.5 milliliters of 3 N hydrochloric acid as heated under reflux for 20 hours and worked up as described above. The resulting mixture of 5aand Sfi-H-isomers was then acetylated as described above to yield methyl (20S),25.3B-diacetOXy-SB-A' -pregnen-6-one- 20-carboxylate, melting point 194.5-195.5 C. Hydrolysis of this product as previously described yields the corresponding methyl 2,8,3,8-dihydroxy-5i3-H-isomer, melting point 224-226 C. (from acetone/hexane).

(4) Synthesis of methyl 2fl,3;314a-trihydroxyand 2,8,35- diacetoxy 14a hydroxy 5,8 A pregnen 6 one- 20-carboxylate A mixture of 1.5 grams of methyl (20S),2fl,3/3-diacetoxy 5a A pregnen 6 one-20-carboxylate, 1.5 grams of selenium dioxide and 107 milliliters of dioxene was stirred at 90 C. for 30 minutes. After filtering off the insoluble selenium, the filtrate was stirred into ice water. The precipitate which formed was filtered off by suction, washd until neutral and dried. After recrystallization from methanol, there was obtained methyl (20S),2 s,3,ediacetoxy 14a hydroxy 5a A pregnen-6-one-20- carboxylate, melting point 248249.5 C.

A 300-milligram portion of the resulting product was heated under reflux in 10 milliliters of methanol and 0.5 grams of potassium hydroxide for 1 hour and then worked up as described above. After recrystallization from acetone, there was obtained methyl (20S),2p,3;8,l4a-trihydroxy-5/3-A -pregnen-6-one-20-carboxylate, melting point 238-240" C.

Employing procedures similar to those described above, 30 milligrams of the 2,8,33,14ot-t1ihYdfOXY compound were acetylated with 1 milliliter of pyridine in 0.5 milliliter of acetic anhydride. After recrystallization from acetone/ hexane, there was obtained methyl (20S),2;3,3p-diacetoxy 14cc hydroxy 5p A pregnen--ene-ZO-carboxylate, melting point 241-242 C.

21 Synthesis of (22R)318,313,l4u,22,25-pentahydroxy- 5}8-A"-cholesten-6-one (ecodyson) A mixture of grams of methyl (S), 2,3,3B-diacetoxy 5oz A pregnen 6-one-20-carboxylate, 12 grams of anhydrous lithium iodide, and 100 milliliters of lutidine was heated under reflux for 2 hours. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into ice water, acidified with hydrochloric acid and saturated with sodium chloride. The insoluble reaction product was filtered ofi by suction, dissolved in methylene chloride and chromatographed twice on silica gel. On recrystallization from acetone/hexane, there was obtained (20S),25,3B-diacetoxy-Sfl-N-pregnen- 6-one-20-carboxylic acid, melting point 245247 C. There was also recovered methyl (2OR),2 8,3fi-diacetoxy- 55 A pregnen 6 one 20 carboxylic acid, melting point 205.5-208 C. (from acetone/hexane).

A mixture of 1.9 grams of the (20S),20-carboxylic acid, 38 milliliters of absolute tetrahydrofuran, and 10 grams of carbonyldiimidazole was heated for 20 minutes under reflux. The resulting reaction solution was poured into ice water, acidified with hydrochloric acid, and saturated with sodium chloride. The insoluble imidazolide was separated and dried. A solution of a 2-gram portion of the imidazolide in 40 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran was treated with 2 grams of lithium tri-(tert.-butoxy)aluminum hydride and then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The resulting mixture was then stirred into ice water, acidified with hydrochloric acid and, after buffering with sodium ethylate, extracted with methylene chloride. After distillation of the solvent, chromatographing on silica gel, and crystallization from acetone/hexane, there was obtained (20S),2B,3fi-diacetoxy-ZO formyl-5p-A' -pregnen-6- one, melting point 200-202" C.

To an ethyl magnesium bromide solution (produced from 488 milligrams of magnesium and 1.68 milliliters of ethyl bromide in milliliters of ether), there was added 3.86 milliliters of 2-methyl-2-tetrahydropyranyloxy-3- butyne in 20 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran dropwise. After stirring for minutes, the Griguard solution was added to an ice-cooled solution of 820 milligrams of the 20- formyl compound produced as described above in 20 milliliters of tetrahydrofuran and then stirred for 5 minutes. The reaction mixture was treated with saturated ammonium chloride solution and the reaction product was taken up in ether, washed with saturated salt solution, dried and evaporated. After chromatographing on silica gel, there was obtained (22R),2fi,3 3-diacetoxy-22-hydroxy-25-tetrahydropyranyloxy 5e A cholesten-23-yn-6-one, melting point 175-178 C. (from hexane/ether). The (22S)-isomer (melting point 172-173" C.) was also obtained.

To a solution of 227 milligrams of this product in 10 milliliters of methanol, there was added 60 milliliters of platinum dioxide and the resulting mixture was hydrogenated until hydrogen uptake ceased. After filtration of the catalyst and evaporation of the solvent under vacuum, the residue was crystallized from acetone/ hexane to yield (22R),2B,318,22-tri-hydroxy 2S tetrahydropyranyloxy- 5 ,8-A -cholesten-23-yn-6-one, melting point 147-15 0 C.

A solution of 100 milligrams of the thus-produced triol in 2 milliliters of dioxane was treated with 100 milligrams of selenium dioxide and heated for 1 hour at 90 C. The resulting reaction mixture was subjected to preparative thin layer chromatography and after crystallization from tetrahydrofuran/pentane, there was obtained (22R), 213,35,l4u,22,25-pentahydroxy 5B-A' -cholesten-6-one (ecdyson) melting point 232-233 C.

Employing the (22S)-isomer isolated after the Grignard reaction, there was produced in a similar manner (22S), 2 9,35,l411,22,2S-pentahydroxy-SB-N-cholesten-6-one (isoecdyson), melting point 227-230 C. (from acetone).

EXAMPLE V.FROM 3,3-ETHYLENEDIOXY-20- HYDROXYMETHYL-M-PREGNEN Employing procedures similar to those described in Example IVA, 3,3-ethylenedioxy-20-hydroxymethyl-A -preg- 22 nen was reacted with peracetic acid to produce the corresponding 5,6-epoxide, which was converted to ZO-hydroxymethyl-5iz-pregnane-3,6-dione (melting point ISO-181 C.) by treatment with perchloric acid in the manner described in Example IVC(1).

Employing the technique described in Example IVC (l), the dione was reacted with bromineto produce 20:- bromo-20-hydroxy-methyl-5a-pregnane-3,6-dione, the 2mbromo compound was reduced with lithium tri(tert.-butoxy)aluminum hydride to produce 2a-bromo-3fi-hydroxy- 20-hydroxymethyl-5u-pregnan-6-one, followed by acetylation to 3B-acetoxy-ZO-acetoxymethyl-Za-bromo-5a-pregnan-6-one (melting point 208-209 C.), and then reacted with silver acetate to produce 2,8,3fi-diacetoxy-20-acetoxymethylpregnan-G-one as a mixture of the Sa-H- and 5B- H-isomers.

Employing procedures similar to those described in Example IVC(2), the isomeric mixture was brominated to form 2 8,3 6-diacetoxy-20-acetoxymethyl-7a-bromo-5apregnan-6-one (melting point l47148 C.) which was dehydrobrominated to form 2 3,3fi-diacetoxy-20 acetoxymethy1-5a-A -pregnen-6-one (melting point 208.5209 C.)

The triacetate was reacted with selenium dioxide in the manner similar to that described in Example IVC(4) to produce 25,35-diacetoxy 20-acetoxymethyl-l4u-hydroxy- 5a-A' -pregnen-6-one, melting point 253254 C.

A solution of 550 milligrams of 2B,3;8,diacetoxy-20 acetoxymethyl-l4u-hydroxy-5a-A -pregnen-6-one in 27.5 milliliters of 1 percent potassium hydroxide in methanol was heated at boiling for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then processed in a manner similar to the procedure described in Example IC to obtain 2B,3 3,l4a-trihydroxy-20-hydroxymethyl Sfl A pregnen-G-one, melting point 255-257" C. (from tetrahydrofuran-ethyl acetate).

A solution of 200 milligrams of 2/3,3B,l4u-trihydroxy- 20-hydroxymethyl-5fl-A' -pregnen-6-one in 50 milliliters of acetone was treated with 0.2 milliliter of boron trifluoride etherate and processed as described in Example IID. There was obtained 2,3,3B-isopropylidenedioxy-14a-hy droxy-ZO-hydroxymethyl 5 ,3 A pregne'n-6-one, melting point 240-241 C. (from acetone/hexane).

EXAMPLE VI.-FROM 3oz HYDROXY 20,20-

ETHYLENEDIOXYPREGNAN 6 ONE 3a-hydr0xy-20,20-ethylenedioxypregnan-G-one was oxidized in known manner to 20,20-ethylenedioxypregnane- 3,6-dione. Employing techniques described in Example IVC, the 3,6-dione was brominated to form 2a-bromo-20, 20-ethylenedioxypregnane-3,6-dione, the Za-blOIIlO-COIYI- pound was reduced with lithium tri(tert.-butoxy)aluminum hydride to form 2a-bromo-3B-hydroxy-20,20-ethylenedioxypregnan-fi-one, the alcohol was converted to the corresponding 3fi-acetate, and the 2a-bromo-3 3-acetoxy- 20,20-ethylenedioxy-Sm-pregnan-G-one was reacted with silver acetate to produce 26,3 3-diacetoxy-20,20-ethylenedioxypregnan-6-one as a mixture of the Su-H- and 58-H- isomers.

Employing procedures similar to those described in Example IVC, the isomeric mixture was brominated to form 25,3 3 diacetoxy 7m bromo 20,20-ethylenedioxy- 5a-pregnan-6-one, followed by dehydrobromination to 25,3fl-diacetoxy-ZO,20-ethylenedioxy5u-A"-pregnen-6-one.

Acidic ketal cleavage in known manner lead to 26,35- diacetoxy-5a-A' -pregnene-6,20-dione. This dione was then reacted with Z-methyl-Z-tetrahydropyranyloxy-5-bromopentane, employing the known Wittig-reaction techniques, to produce 2B,3B-diacetoxy-2S-tetrahydropyranyloxy-Sa- A -cholestadien-6-one. After selective epoxidation of the A -double bond, hydrolysis of the epoxide to the 20,22-diol and 14m-hydroxylation with selenium dioxide, there was obtained 2fi,3B-diacetoxy-l4a,20,22,25-tetrahydroxy-Su-A' -ch0lesten-6-one.

A solution of 500 milligrams of 2B,3B-diacetoxy-14a,20, 22,25-tetrahydroxy-A' -cholesten-6-one and 250 milligrams of potassium carbonate in100 milliliters of methanol was heated at boiling for 50 minutes. The reaction mixture was then neutralized with acetic acid and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. Isolation andpurification of the reaction product was accomplished by preparative layer chromatography on' silica gel using chloroform-methanol. There was obtained 2B,3,8,14a,20,22,25 hexahydroxy 55 A cholesten-6 -one, melting point 237.5-239.5 C.

What is claimed is:

1. A compound of the formula CH R CH Rs 2'4 3. A compou'nd of the formula.

=9 CH3| H I CH3 wherein R and R independently, are members selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, a radical derived from an aliphatic .carboxylic acid of up to 11 carbons by removal of the hydrogen atom and lower alkoxy; R and R when taken together are lower alkylenedioxy;

and

R is hydrogen or hydroxy.

4. Compounds according to claim 3 wherein each of R and R are hydroxy or a radical derived from an aliphatic carboxylic acid of up to 11 carbons by removal of the 'hydrogen atom; and R is as therein defined.

5. The compound according to claim 3 wherein R is hydroxy.

6. The compound according to claim 3 wherein R is hydrogen.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,455,905 7/1969 Edwards et a1. 3,478,065 11/1969 Furst et a1.

ELBERT L. ROBERTS, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. I 26()239.55, 239.55 'c, 239.55 D, 397.45, 397.1

UNITED 15s PATENT 'oFricE .7 a I Patent No.. 3,651,100 bated u Inventor) Andor Furst et a1 It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patentare hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 1, page 1, line 13, after "4,336/ 66" insert Switzerland, August 13, 1965, 11430/ 65; Switzerland, October 8, 1965, 13907/ 65; Switzerland, January 28, 1966, 1231/66; Germany, September 24, 1965, Sche 37774; Germany, January '29, 1966; Sche 38399;"

Signed and sealed this 29th day of May 1973..

(SEAL) Attest: v I

EDWARD M.F LETCHER',JR. v ROBBRr GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer I Commissioner of Patents 1 USCOMM-DC QO876-P69 [1.5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OIF ICI I, 0-856-334.

FORM PC4050 (10-69) 

